In a city as busy, complex and constantly evolving as Tokyo, time spent here is often focused on exploring its inspiring contemporary culture and amazing cuisine. However, if you’re looking to shed some light on Japan’s past, Tokyo’s historical museums may be the place for you.

This season, discover one of the many immersive replicas of traditional Tokyoite homes and workplaces, learn about fascinating Samurai culture or gaze at traditional woodcuts in some of the city’s most interesting historic venues. Here’s a roundup of our favorites!

1. Ota Memorial Museum of Art

A visit to the compact tatami rooms of the Ota Memorial Museum of Art is a must for those interested in ukiyo-e, the traditional Japanese woodblock printmaking that flourished during the Edo period. The Edo era lasted from 1603 to 1868, a period of significant economic prosperity and cultural growth across Japan, particularly in the arts. The museum is dedicated to the artist Ota Seizo, who collected a staggering 12,000 block prints during his lifetime. The prints on display are rotated every two to three months and show around 200 works at a time, so there’s always something interesting on view. The works are well curated, with English labels, and the museum’s central location—a stone’s throw from the colorful streets of Harajuku—adds an interesting contrast to the traditional art on display.

• Price: Varies (See current exhibition for details)
• Open: 10:30 a.m.-5:30 p.m. Closed on Mondays.
• Where: 1-10-10 Jingumae, Shibuya, Tokyo
• Closest Station: Meiji-Jingumae
• Website: http://www.ukiyoe-ota-muse.jp/eng

2. Shitamachi Museum

For those seeking a little nostalgia, the Shitamachi Museum offers a glimpse of everyday life in Tokyo between the Meiji Restoration in 1868 and the Great Earthquake of 1923. The Meiji Period saw Japanese society transition from a feudal to the more modern identity it enjoys today. Comprising a number of rooms, including a sweet shop, a coppersmith’s workshop, and rows of tenement house apartments, this charming museum explores working and living conditions during this period. Visitors are encouraged to get interactive—children can play with traditional toys, while adults can view old photographs and rummage through the display’s cupboards and drawers. Small but perfectly formed, the Shitamachi Museum is a great place to incorporate into a day trip to Ueno. Ask for an English-speaking guide if needed.

• Price: ¥300 (Adults), ¥100 (Child/Student)
• Open: 9:30 a.m.-4:30 p.m. Closed on Mondays.
• Where: 2-1 Ueno-koen, Taito, Tokyo
• Closest Station: Ueno
• Website: https://www.taitogeibun.net/shitamachi/

3. Samurai Museum

Most people have heard of the Samurai culture through Hollywood blockbusters and pop culture, but many may not be fully familiar with its symbolic resonance in Japanese culture and the powerful history it evokes. For over 700 years, from the Kamakura (1185) to the much later Edo period, the Samurai dominated Japanese society both militarily and symbolically. The recently opened Samurai Museum in Shinjuku—a painstakingly curated, carefully designed collection featuring an impressive ensemble of costumes, swords and historical relics—helps visitors discover this fascinating history. With plenty of fun activities, including having your photograph taken in full samurai attire or witnessing a traditional sword battle, this is a great place to visit with the whole family.

• Price: ¥1,900 (Adults), ¥800 (Under 12), Free (Under 3).
• Open: 10:30 a.m.-9 p.m.
• Where: 5−17−13 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo
• Closest Station: Shinjuku
• Website: https://www.samuraimuseum.jp/en/

4. Edo-Tokyo Museum

If you have friends visiting or are new to Japan, a visit to the Edo-Tokyo Museum is a great way to understand more about this important period. The museum tracks Tokyo’s development from a medieval town to an urban metropolis via its many artifacts and large-scale models of streets and bridges. The museum gives visitors a comprehensive overview of this 400-year pre-earthquake period through both its permanent collection and special exhibitions throughout the year, alongside a vibrant lecture and workshop program. Its impressive ornate kimono collection is also pretty special, and the free English audio guides will help non-Japanese speakers navigate the displays.

• Price: TBA
• Open: TBA
• Where: 1-4-1 Yokoami, Sumida-ku, Tokyo.
• Closest Station: Ryogoku
• Website: https://www.edo-tokyo-museum.or.jp/en/

5. Edo-Tokyo Open Air Architectural Museum

Based in Koganei city in Western Tokyo is the Edo-Tokyo Open Air Architectural Museum, a vast open-air historical “theme park” dedicated to exhibiting old historical buildings of cultural value that cannot be preserved in their original locations. Many of those buildings were lost to fires and air raids since the Edo period but were reconstructed at this location in their original shapes. Here, you can see old private residences, public baths, various shops and recreation facilities, including a bar and a tea room, which show how people have lived in Japan since the Edo period. Visitors can freely explore the facilities’ interiors, where time appears to have stopped centuries ago.

• Price: ¥400 (Adults), ¥320 (College), ¥200 (Students). Free for primary school and younger children
• Open: 9:30 a.m.- 5:30 p.m. (April-Sept), 9:30 a.m.-4:30 p.m. (October-March). Closed on Mondays.
• Where: 3-7-1 Sakuracho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo (inside Koganei Park)
• Closest Station: Hana-Koganei
• Website: http://www.tatemonoen.jp/english/

6. Fukagawa Edo Museum

Travel east towards Koto Ward and you’ll come across this hidden gem of a museum. The Fukagawa Edo Museum houses a replica of the neighborhood from 1840 (around the end of the Tokugawa Period). Complete with seasonal sound effects and decorations, walk through the town and feel like you have traveled back in time. There are volunteer guides on the premises who are more than happy to guide you through the different displays. Afterwards, check out the hall that goes into more detail about the Fukugawa neighborhood, complete with statistics and graphs.

• Price: ¥400 (Adults), ¥50 (primary school children and below)
• Open: 9:30 a.m. – 5 p.m. Closed on Mondays
• Where: 1-3-28 Shirakawa, Koto, Tokyo
• Closest Station: Kiyosumi-shirakawa
• Website: https://www.kcf.or.jp/fukagawa/

7. Tokiwaso Manga Museum

Tokiwaso was once an iconic two-storey apartment building that housed many talented manga (comic) artists, including Tezuka Osamu (creator of Astro Boy) and Terada Hiroo (creator of Sebango 0). It became the spot for up-and-coming artists to live out their mangaka (comic artist) dreams and a place for friendly rivalry. Though the original building was demolished, fans came together and reconstructed it as a manga museum. Today, it’s a place to learn more about manga and anime culture through the lens of these famous artists.

• Open: 10 a.m. – 6 p.m. Closed on Mondays
• Where: 3-9-22 Minaminagasaki, Toshima, Tokyo
• Closest Station: Ochiai-minami-nagasaki
• Website: https://www.tokiwasomm.jp/

8. Tokyo Waterworks Historical Museum

Learn about Tokyo’s rich history through its waterways at this free museum. Tracing back to the city’s founding (then called Edo) under Tokugawa Ieyasu, learn about the ancient techniques used to purify water and redirect it to the city’s citizens. Follow along and learn about how the city’s waterworks have changed and improved through the 17th century to the present day. It’s a unique take on the city’s history, and one that continues to improve the lives of Tokyo’s population even today.

• Price: Free
• Open: 9:30 a.m. – 5 p.m.
• Where: 2-7-1 Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo
• Closest Station: Suidobashi
• Website: https://www.suidorekishi.jp/

9. Shinjuku Historical Museum

At the Shinjuku Historical Museum, get a deeper understanding of how the area was before all the flashing lights and skyscrapers. The permanent exhibit features artifacts and trivia about key literary figures associated with the city ward, such as Natsume Soseki (author of Kokoro and I Am a Cat). Browse through each era from the Jomon Period to the Edo Period and Meiji Period sections. Check out the life-sized replica buildings of a former pasty shop and even a streetcar.

• Price: ¥300 (Adults), ¥100 (primary school children and below).
• Open: 9:30 a.m. – 5:30 p.m.
• Where: 12-16 Yotsuya Saneicho, Shinjuku City, Tokyo
• Closest Station: Yotsuya
• Website: https://www.regasu-shinjuku.or.jp/rekihaku/

10. Japanese Sword Museum

This small but well-curated museum highlights the art of Japanese swordmaking. Beyond weapons, Japanese swords have been used as symbols of faith, authority and art. Each sword represents the samurai spirit. The shape and curvature of each sword sheds light on the needs, trends and the context of that era. Made to be unbreakable, unbendable and extremely sharp, walk away from your museum visit with a newfound appreciation for the craftsmanship and generations of history that go behind making one of these most unmistakable symbols of Japanese culture.

• Price: ¥1,000 (Adults), ¥500 (High school and college students), Free (primary school children and below).
• Open: 9:30 a.m. – 5 p.m. Closed on Mondays
• Where: 1-12-9 Yokoami, Sumida City, Tokyo
• Closest Station: Ryogoku
• Website: https://www.touken.or.jp/museum/

For a guide to Tokyo’s most unusual museums, see this article.

What’s your favorite museum in Tokyo? Share with us in the comments! 

Another year has flown by, and if you live in Japan, you’ll probably encounter the two largest annual events overlapping—Christmas and New Year—each celebrated very differently depending on the family. As you navigate these unique customs, you’ll quickly notice how central Japanese New Year’s traditions are to the season. Below is the step-by-step process of how and why the Japanese celebrate the end of a year and the beginning of a new one.

Nenmatsu-nenshi, Toshikoshi & Shinnen

© Photo by iStock: gyro

What term refers to what? We get you. It can get confusing. Before we delve into the actual traditions, let’s first define the terminology.

• 年末年始 (nenmatsu-nenshi; “year-end, year-beginning”): Describes the time of year when we are busy and stressed, yet looking forward to spending time with our loved ones. In terms of dates, it actually covers the very last days of the current year and the first days of the new one.
• 年越し (toshikoshi; “passing the year”): Refers to the events and customs that take place at the end of year.
• 新年 (shinnen; “new year”): Refers to all festivities taking place before heading back to work on Jan. 4.

The official nenmatsu-nenshi break in Japan for most people is between Dec. 29 and Jan. 3. Yes, that’s the most blessed time of the year!

Japanese New Year’s Eve Traditions

Below are some of the most unique and traditionally celebrated New Year’s events in Japan. Whether in Akita or Shimane prefectures, celebrating the holidays here will make you go through at least half of these traditions in one way or another.

1. Nengajo (年賀状)

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Starting as early as the beginning of December, Japanese people receive their New Year’s seasonal greeting postcards even before the Christmas trees are up. The nengajo is a special postcard used only for New Year’s greetings. As long as you drop them off at your local post office by December 25 (or sometimes even a few days later is fine), they will arrive on January 1, or at the latest, by January 3.

Nengajo are somewhat equivalent to Christmas cards in the West. They’re a way to keep connected to friends, relatives, colleagues and acquaintances at least once a year. The cards also have a set of numbers at the bottom of the card called nengajo tosen that may win you a prize or some cash. The winning numbers are announced on the Japanese Postal website in mid-January, so keep an eye out!

As physical nengajo continue to decline—Japan Post reported a 34% drop in New Year’s Day deliveries in 2025—more people now send digital versions instead. Younger generations especially prefer quick greetings through messaging apps or social media, and Japan Post has responded by launching Smart Nenga, a fully digital service that lets users create and send animated or personalized New Year cards directly through LINE.

2. Hagoita Decorations (羽子板)

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Hagoita is a rectangular wooden paddle originally used to play hanetsuki, a traditional Japanese game similar to badminton. Today, people display them as New Year’s decorations to drive away evil spirits—just as you’d hit a badminton feather, you symbolically hit the bad luck away.

The paddles are stunningly beautiful, decorated with 3D models made of silk, wood and washi (Japanese paper). They often represent faces from traditional theater plays, geisha, kabuki actors or sumo wrestlers. You can purchase a set for yourself at most temples around mid-December. If you’re not sure where to go, the famous Senso-ji Temple in Asakusa sells them annually from December 17 to 19.

3. Oosoji (大掃除)

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Oosoji is Japan’s equivalent of “Spring Cleaning.” On the last weekend of the year, the whole family pitches in to clean the house (especially the windows) so they can start the new year fresh and clean.

Check out this article if you want to oosoji like a pro, and for those looking, here are some Japanese cleaning product recommendations. For lazy cleaners, we also have a list of low-effort Japanese products to keep your home clean. And for those on a budget, there are 100 yen shop must-haves for cleaning that make tidying up before the New Year quick, easy and affordable.

4. Oshogatsu-kazari (お正月飾り)

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After the oosoji is completed, families set about decorating the house with oshogatsu-kazari, or New Year’s decorations. The decorations commonly consist of:

• Kadomatsu: Three bits of bamboo and some pine leaves
• Kagamimochi: Two tiers of mochi, or rice cakes with a tangerine on top
• Shimekazari: A New Year’s wreath

The timing of the decoration is also very important. It is commonly believed that if you rush to decorate your house on the last day of the year, an act referred to as 一夜飾り (ichiya-kazari; “one-night decoration”), it will anger the gods and therefore bring bad luck. So, it’s better to put up those decorations before New Year’s Eve!

5. Toshikoshi Soba (年越し蕎麦)

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Once all the cleaning and decorating are done and New Year’s Eve is upon us, families prepare a traditional meal called toshikoshi soba. The long soba noodles symbolize a general wish for a long life filled with precision and attention to detail.

The topping of the soba depends on which region of Japan you are in. For example, in Tokyo, we often have ebi (shrimp). The ebi’s curved back symbolizes a “long life” and is often used in osechi ryori as well (see below).

Soba also has the symbolism of nagasu or “letting it go” as you slip it down your throat and forget about it—in other words, let everything you’ve been through this year go and move on.

6. Joya no kane (除夜の鐘)

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Joya no kane refers to the large bell at a temple or shrine, rung at midnight on New Year’s Eve to symbolize the beginning of the New Year. It is performed by a temple or shrine priest in front of thousands of shrine or temple visitors who are there for hatsumode (read further to learn more about it).

Japanese New Year’s Traditions

Now that we’ve welcomed the New Year, there’s another round of things to do—starting from 12 a.m. on January 1.

7. Hatsumode (初詣)

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This is the first visit to a shrine or temple in the year, and it’s done to pray for good fortune. It is often associated with queuing up in long lines as people wait to pray for the year ahead, buy some omikuji (Japanese paper fortunes) and omamori (Japanese lucky charms), and write their wishes on wooden plates, called ema.

8. Osechi ryori (おせち料理)

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Osechi ryori is a special dinner/breakfast/lunch (depending on the family and district) traditionally consumed only during the first three days of the year. The women of the house slave over the stove for the last couple of days to complete the meal(s) in order for the first three days of the year to be cooking-free.

Every item in the osechi ryori symbolizes a wish for the New Year: for example, shrimps are for longevity, kuri-kinton (sweet chestnuts) for wealth and the kazunoko (herring roe) is for fertility. Please read this article for the full list of all osechi ryori dishes and their hidden meanings.

9. Ozoni (お雑煮)

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A traditional New Year’s breakfast in Japan typically consists of a broth or soup with grilled mochi added, called ozoni. The broth will vary according to region and to the particular family. Unfortunately, this dish is also behind a number of casualties in Japan every year, as some elderly people pass away due to choking on the mochi—if you eat it, chew it slowly.

10. Buying hamaya (破魔矢)

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Hamaya (literally, “an arrow to break the evil”) is a little wooden arrow purchased at a temple or shrine during hatsumode in order to bring good luck for the coming year. Keep it displayed in your home with the tip facing down throughout the year, and then return it to the shrine the following year for the saito (yearly burn) ceremony, which purifies it for disposal. Buy a new one every New Year and repeat!

11. Omikuji (おみくじ)

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Omikuji are fortunes written on strips of paper, which can be bought at shrines or temples for a small fee (usually ¥100). The best you can get is 大吉 (daikichi) and the worst is 凶 (kyou). The fortunes are often scrolled up or folded as part of the suspense, and if you happen to receive a bad fortune, you should try to use your less-dominant hand to tie it to a special fence reserved on the lot, thus leaving the bad luck behind you.

12. Nanakusa-gayu (七草粥)

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After all the culturing is done and you’ve stuffed your face full of osechi and drunk to your heart’s content (New Year’s celebrations often include plenty of drinking), your stomach may understandably not be too pleased by the full-on food attack, and the Japanese have a clever way to remedy it.

On the seventh day of January, the Japanese make rice porridge called nanakusa-gayu to settle your stomach and soothe the heaviness. Nanakusa-gayu consists of seven types of Japanese herbs and a light broth. Lately, supermarkets have been selling premade kits, so head down to your local one and get it simmering.

If you want to attempt making it yourself, you’ll need to get these seven herbs:

• 芹 (seri; “Japanese parsley”)
• 薺 (nazuna; “shepherd’s purse”)
• 御形 (gogyo; “cudweed”)
• 繁縷 (hakobera; “chickweed”)
• 仏の座 (hotokenoza; “henbit”)
• 菘 (suzuna; “turnip”)
• 蘿蔔 (suzushiro; “daikon radish”)

Once you have your herbs, simply simmer rice and water—often with a bit of salt—to create a soft, plain porridge. Then, add the seven finely chopped herbs, and voilà, your nanakusa-gayu is ready. You can optionally add some dashi stock for a light umami base too, but the traditional version is simply rice, water, salt and the seven herbs.

Bonus New Year’s Terms

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Though the following are not traditions per se, these are terms you will commonly hear during the New Year’s holidays in Japan.

• 仕事納め (shigoto-osame; “last working day of the year”): Also known as goyo-osame, it refers to the last working day of the year (usually Dec. 28 or Dec. 29). As you can imagine, most offices are extremely hectic on this day.
• 元旦・元日 (gantan/ganjitsu; “New Year’s morning/New Year’s Day”): People often say them together or think that they mean the same thing. However, they are separate words, and naturally, have different definitions. Gantan refers to the morning of New Year’s Day, while ganjitsu means the whole day of January 1.
• 初夢 (hatsu-yume; “first dream of the year”): There is a long-standing superstition that at the beginning of the year, if you dream of either Mt. Fuji, a hawk or an eggplant, you will have a year to remember.
• 初日の出 (hatsu-hinode; “first sunrise of the year”): Watching the first sunrise—preferably from a beach, mountain, or rooftop—is believed to bring good luck and a fresh start.

I hope you find this compiled list helpful. Many Japanese families have their own New Year’s traditions and long-established customs that have been passed down from generation to generation, so when in doubt, ask!

Happy New Year’s, everyone!

This article has been republished with the latest information for 2025.

Beautiful layers of white cream adorn a fluffy cake with plump strawberries on top—this has long been the iconic image of Japanese Christmas confectionery. Still, its Christmas cake history goes much further back than many people realize.

Christmas cakes were first sold in Japan in 1910, and the ubiquitous ichigo shotokeki (strawberry shortcake) only hit shelves in 1922. It wasn’t until the postwar period, in 1952, that the strawberry shortcake Christmas cake became more accessible to the general public and cemented its place in Japan’s Christmas imagery (and stomachs across the nation).

To understand the history of this tasty tradition, we must delve into the past of Fujiya, a storied Japanese confectionery maker.

Introducing Christmas Cake To Japan

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Fujiya, now with branches nationwide, is a patisserie that was initially based in Yokohama. In 1910, Fujii Rinemon opened his first shop in Motomachi, the upscale neighborhood adjacent to the Yamate and Kannai districts where the foreign population of Yokohama lived and worked. As the Meiji era dawned, the Motomachi area blossomed. The streets were soon dotted with cafes, clothing stores and bakeries. The Fujiya store was at the vanguard of this explosion of Western culture in Yokohama, where many overseas customs and wares spread to the rest of the country.

Indeed, in December of the same year, Fujiya offered the first Christmas cake sold in Japan. Arranged simply with silver ball decorations, the cake was a single-layer glazed with white fondant frosting, made by mixing sugar and water. But the difference with today’s decadent fresh cream concoctions was not merely aesthetic. The cake was not a Japanese sponge cake—known now as the shortcake—but rather a fruit cake, steamed in the oven and made of plums, dried fruit like raisins and alcohol.

1921 was a particularly bustling Christmas and a fateful one for Fujii. With business booming, thanks in part to a craze that year for decorated cakes, he opened a second store. To his surprise, his customer base was also shifting from foreign customers to Japanese ones. In 1922, Fujii developed a special cake to sell at his two shops, inspired by his studies abroad in the United States.

The Stawberry Shortcake

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While stateside, he tried a dessert called a shortcake—two scones filled with cream and fresh fruit and named for the shortening used in the biscuit dough. Fujii felt fascinated by the flavor but believed the crunchy scones wouldn’t suit the Japanese palate.

Instead, he chose to make his shortcake out of a sponge cake. He drew inspiration from the ever-fashionable castella cake, another local interpretation of a Western (this time Portuguese) dessert which emerged in the late 1500s. His resulting creation, combined fresh cream and American-style strawberry shortcake with a softer, spongier cake, making it the first strawberry shortcake sold in Japan.

Many people believe the kouhaku (red and white) color combination—traditionally used for celebrations and shared with the hinomaru (rising sun) national flag—helped drive the popularity of strawberries and cream as the country’s signature Christmas cake style. Still, however, in the 1920s, these cakes were exceedingly extravagant. Without refrigerators in most homes, their potential for the astronomical fame that awaited would remain dormant until the postwar period.

For Everyone To Enjoy

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In 1952, on the eve of Japan’s “long postwar,” only a few months after the American occupation force left the country, Fujiya held its first-ever Christmas sale. In what would become a tradition across Japan, the strawberry shortcakes lined the shop window, inviting customers to enjoy the sweet treat for the holidays.

By the mid-1960s, the strawberry shortcake’s place in Christmas culture was firmly established. Elaborately decorated two-layer cakes became increasingly common. This design, along with the classic taste pioneered in the early Showa era, continues to dominate Japanese imaginings of Christmas sweets.

Modern Christmas Cakes

© Photo by Ritz Carlton Tokyo

While the shortcake reigns supreme, the current market for Christmas cakes is not exclusively red, white and fluffy crumb cake. Instead, chocolate, pistachio, blueberries, ganache and buttercream turn into festive creations across modern patisseries.

Additionally, Japanese pastry chefs have incorporated traditions from other countries to diversify the confectionery landscape. Popular examples include France’s buche de Noël (a Christmas log cake) and Italy’s panettone (a Christmas sweet bread).

While stand-alone patisseries certainly make cakes, department stores and hotels are now the primary purveyors. They often open advance sales as early as mid-November with many selling out before the months end. Conbini (convenience stores) also get into the Christmas cake game, offering their own strawberry shortcakes. And, of course, some families opt to make their own, too.

As for my family, we usually opt for a strawberry shortcake, but last year, we diverged and went with chocolate. Honestly, it was a bit disappointing not to be met with the mouthfuls of sweet-tart strawberries and cream, so we will return to our (Japanese Christmas) roots this year alongside so many other eager sweet tooths.

And if you’re wondering if Fujiya continues to specialize in shortcakes at Christmas time, the answer is a resounding yes. You can find their stores throughout Japan, in both standalone shops and inside department stores, such as Aeon. Celebrating over 100 years since their founder’s first shortcake, they continue to sell classic Christmas cakes.

Did you know about Japan’s Christmas cake history? What sort of sweets do you celebrate this festive season with? Let us know in the comments!

There’s no denying that regular walks can help with a number of physical and mental health conditions. Sometimes, however, walking alone can feel tedious. If you are like me and need a goal to keep up a good habit, then perhaps you’d like to try collecting 御城印 (gojyoin; “castle stamps”).

What Are Gojyoin?

While Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples have goshuin (Japanese shrine and temple stamps), Japanese castles have gojyoin. Much like goshuin, gojyoin are sold at various castles around Japan. They can range in price from ¥300 to ¥ 1,000, although special, limited-edition ones for special events may cost more.

The castle stamps are made similarly to goshuin. Images or designs are stamped on washi paper, accompanied by the castle’s name and the date on the paper. Unlike goshuin, however, these papers are often prepared in advance (sometimes printed on a computer) and distributed in paper envelopes upon payment. You will likely have to write the date of your visit on it yourself, although some locations will do this for you instead.

The Origin Of Gojyoin

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Gojyoin got its start in 1990, when Matsumoto Castle in Nagano prefecture began selling ‘visitation certificates’ to those who came to the castle. They were somewhat popular, but the concept didn’t really gain traction until 2016. Around that time, Gujo Hachiman Castle in Gifu Prefecture (and others) announced that they were donating the proceeds from the sales of these stamps to aid earthquake relief efforts in Kumamoto Prefecture.

As of 2020, there are over 500 castles and historic remains that sell their own castle stamps.

Please note that, while similar, goshuin have somewhat sacred connotations (as they are proof of a pilgrimage in a sense), while gojyoin are more of a souvenir.

Getting Started With Gojyoin

© Photo by Pixta: daysgoby_JPN

First, you’ll need a 御城印帳 (gojyoincho), which is essentially the same sort of book as those for shrine stamps. In fact, some people collect both in the same book as souvenirs from their visits to particularly historically rich areas. However, this is a point of contention among collectors of both. They range in price from ¥1,000 to ¥2,500, while more elaborate or highly customized ones can be found in the ¥3,500 to ¥6,000 range.

Technically speaking, that’s all that you need—although a good pair of walking shoes is highly recommended. Unlike most shrines and temples, Japanese castles tend to be situated on mountains or high above the rest of the city, which often requires hiking. Dressing appropriately is key, as the last thing you want to do is end up with blisters and bruises.

How Do You Collect Gojyoin?

Gojyoin are not only sold at the castles themselves, but may be found in gift shops, tourist information centers or even at highway rest stops. That being said, these locations sometimes close earlier than the castle itself. If there is a stamp you really want to collect, plan ahead and arrive early.

Gojyoin Meguri

Much like with goshuin, you can also go on day trips to collect various castle stamps. There are plenty of books out there to help you get started, too. They’re often located in the domestic travel section of your favorite bookstore.

Sometimes you can even find magazines for specific historical areas or figures that include 御城印巡り (gojyoin meguri) or day trips and hikes that will take you to historical sites and castles where you can collect various gojyoin as well.

If you want to get started locally, then in Tokyo, you can collect gojyoin from the following sites:

• Ishihama Castle (石浜城): visit Ishihama Shrine; (Google Map Link); ¥300-¥500
• Shakujii Castle (石神井城): visit Patisserie Cache-Cache (Google Map Link); ¥300
• Nerima Castle (練馬城): visit Links For Hair Salon (Google Map Link); ¥300
• Takinogawa Castle (滝野川城): visit Love Live Lead Store Souvenir Shop (Google Map Link); ¥440
• Inatsuke Castle (稲付城): visit Love Live Lead Store Souvenir Shop (Google Map Link); ¥440
• Asukayama Castle (飛鳥山城): visit Love Live Lead Store Souvenir Shop (Google Map Link); ¥440

Anyone with a keen knowledge of Tokyo will have noticed that these castles aren’t technically here any longer, or only exist in the form of ruins. In order to collect these gojyoin, you’ll need to visit a shop or shrine near the former castle site.

Outside of Tokyo, there are numerous walking courses to choose from, offering far more options. Chiba Prefecture, for example, has over 100 castle sites with gojyoin. Plus, if you are traveling to check out new castles, you can also try some great B-kyu foods along the way.

If you’re looking for a good reason to get out and walk this winter, consider collecting gojyoin castle stamps.

Everyone says “new year, new me,” but how many people can honestly say they’ve kept up their new habits for the year? Unfortunately, for many years, I was a part of that group. I did great from January until about March, and then… nothing—I got lazy. I didn’t keep up the habits I’d hoped or found it was easier to do something else instead. My nearest and dearest know how much I love visiting temples and shrines. My collection of omamori over the years has been extensive! So, I figured, why not take up collecting goshuin (shrine and temple stamps) too?

Last year, de-stressing my life was important, and I put my own advice to good use. My resolution was to go on more interesting walks and try something new. Plus, I figured if it was learning or studying something on the way, then that’s even better.

What Are Goshuin?

© Photo by iStock: kuremo

御朱印 (goshuin) are seal stamps that worshippers and visitors to Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples collect. They are often collected in special books called 御朱印帳 (goshuincho), which are sold in shrines, temples and some book stores. Goshuin can range in price from ¥300 to ¥1,000. However, some locations may request a donation instead of a set price.

These seal stamps are manufactured in various ways. Typically, an image or design is first stamped on the page. Then, the monk or kannushi (a Shinto “servant of God”) writes the shrine or temple’s name, the date and sometimes other messages. These are allowed to dry, then a piece of thin paper is placed over them to absorb any excess ink. Finally, the goshuincho is returned to its owner.

During festivals or other special events, some shrines and temples offer pre-made goshuin papers that are handed out instead. For these, you can glue them into your goshuincho once you return home.

The Origin Of Goshuin

There are many theories regarding the origin of goshuin. Still, the most widely accepted theory is that they originated from pilgrims traveling across Japan to famous temples and shrines during the Nara Period (710-794). If you visited a given location and dedicated a prayer, a sacred item or a sutra, you were given a goshuin in return. A bit like a receipt, “thank you for your visit”.

Getting Started With Goshuin

First things first, you’ll need to get yourself a goshuincho. Most temples and shrines will have their own goshuincho for sale, often in two to five different colors and designs. They range in price from ¥1,000 to ¥2,500. If you’d rather purchase one from a bookstore, you can find designer goshuincho, such as those with carved wooden covers or others, but these tend to be more expensive, ranging from ¥3,500 to ¥6,000.

That’s all you need—unless you want to go all out, then you can purchase:

• Special bags (¥1,000-¥5,000) made from matching kimono fabric to carry your goshuincho in
• Bookmarks (¥100-¥1,500) to note which page should be used next
• Binders (¥500-¥900) with small coin purses attached to them to keep the goshuincho closed and to hold your goshuin money in

It all depends on you.

How Do You Collect Goshuin?

© Photo by Pixta: ayapoon1204

Obviously, you must visit a temple or shrine to collect goshuin. Within the grounds of the temple/shrine, look for where the omamori are sold. Nearby, you will see signs that read:

• Temples: 御朱印所 (Goshuinjo), 朱印所 (Shuinjo) or 納経所 (Nokyojo)
• Shrines: 御朱印所 (Goshuinjo), 授与所 (Juyojo) or 社務所 (Shamusho)

Approach the person working in these areas, and they will guide you through the process.

If you can’t read Japanese or don’t see any of these signs, you can ask one of the staff, 御朱印はどこでもらえますか? (goshuin wa doko de moraemasu ka?; “Where can I get goshuin?”) and they’ll guide you along.

Some temples and shrines are exceptionally well known for their goshuin, so you might have to wait in line to hand in your goshuincho and collect it. If you’re visiting on a holiday or during an event, you might consider dropping off your goshuincho first, then praying at the temple/shrine before going back to collect it.

Goshuin Meguri (Stamp Collector Day Trips)

While it is true that the vast majority of shrines do have goshuin, not all do. Many smaller temples don’t actually have them readily available year round. They only have them during festivals, New Year’s or reserve them for families connected to that specific location.

If you’re not sure where to start looking or would like to see what sorts of goshuin you can collect from a given location, head to your nearest bookstore. In the domestic travel section, you’ll find a row of books and magazines on famous goshuin from around Japan. There are also books for the most beautiful goshuin of the year, exclusive/festival-specific goshuin and more.

Along with those Japan-wide selections, you’ll find books and sometimes local (prefecture-specific) magazines for 御朱印巡り (goshuin meguri). These are essentially day trips or long walks along a set course that take you anywhere from two to 10 shrines and temples in a given day.

These books can be for entire regions, set out by train lines or some are set out based on movies and pop culture locations, too. If you can read Japanese, they’re an invaluable source of information. If you can’t, they sometimes have the names written in romaji, which makes them easier to Google and research in English as well.

Warning: Don’t Give The Gift Of A Goshuin!

While the goshuin themselves are beautiful examples of Japanese calligraphy, I wouldn’t suggest giving goshuin individually or in a filled-out goshuincho as a gift. They may appear to be works of art to the uninitiated (and they are, in a sense), but devout believers of both Shinto and Buddhism may find gifting them inappropriate or offensive. My friend, the Shrine priest, said, “Goshuin are a sacred item between the visitor and the temple or shrine—it would be like giving a blessing away.”

How Did I Do?

Initially, I mentioned that this was part of my New Year’s resolution, and I stuck to it. I managed to do at least one goshuin meguri a month, learned even more about my own neighborhood and met a lot of really lovely people in the process, too.

It wasn’t always easy, and walking that much in the summer months was pretty gross, but I finally stuck to my resolution.

If you’re looking for a relatively inexpensive way to incorporate more exercise into your life, want to learn more about Japanese culture and religion or simply want to explore Japan further, then collecting goshuin shine or temple stamps could be this year’s hobby for you.

Among Japan’s many traditional handicrafts, urushi (lacquerware) stands out as one of the oldest. Urushi comes from the varnish made from the sap of the urushinoki, better known in English as the Japanese lacquer tree or Japanese sumac. The items made from and with this lacquer are known in Japan as either urushinuri or shikki.

The History Of Lacquerware

© Photo by iStock: SetsukoN

Japanese artisans have used lacquer since the Jomon period, which spans approximately 15,000 to 2,300 years ago. At first, people relied on it mainly as an antiseptic or adhesive. Over time, however, lacquer became a staple in both functional and decorative crafts. Artisans created everything from wooden pencils to everyday soup bowls, hair combs, armor and even coffins from lacquerware.

They typically apply lacquer to carved wooden items, but urushi also coats metal, glass, fabric and even plastic.

Urushi Precautions

The Latin name for the urushinoki contains a hint as to the main problem with lacquer itself—Toxicodendron vernicifluum.

The liquid sap from these and other trees in its family contains urushiol. This is the same compound in poison ivy and poison oak that causes severe rashes and potentially fatal allergic reactions. In Japanese, the rashes are known as urushi kabure, or urushiol-induced contact dermatitis.

While lacquerware products generally don’t cause reactions in users, during a lacquerware tutorial, my instructor informed me that those with severe allergies to poison oak and similar substances might want to appreciate lacquerware from a distance, just in case.

Famous Styles

© Photo by iStock: NicolasMcComber

As with most things, there are regional differences in shikki across Japan. Given that the sap is a natural component, knowing when and how to collect it, the quality and viscosity of the substance itself, as well as how long the lacquer will take to dry in a given area, varies greatly. This knowledge comes from years of experience—often generations of it—and as such, areas with the longest established traditions of producing urushi tend also to have some of the finest items available.

There are about 30 well-known lacquerware brands available today, each with its own special techniques and designs. Here are some of the most commonly known types.

Daigo Urushi

A type of lacquer found close to home that comes highly recommended is Daigo Urushi, from Ibaraki Prefecture. The town of Daigo is the second-largest producer of lacquer in all of Japan, and the pieces found here have a weight to them that makes them both beautiful to look at and sturdy enough for daily use.

Negoro Urushi

One of the most famous and heavily copied styles is Negoro Urushi, which comes from the former Izumi province (modern-day Osaka area). This style sees items first painted with black lacquer, which is then covered by layers of red. Through use, the red begins to wear away, leaving a distinctive black area behind. Many antique lacquerware pieces from this region appear to be damaged, but that’s actually intentional, a result of years of use. This is also the most commonly faked type of lacquerware, especially in online auctions, so be cautious.

Tsugaru-nuri

In northern Japan’s Aomori Prefecture, you’ll find Tsugaru-nuri, which is famed for its mottled effect. This design is created by layering different colored lacquers over one another and is believed to have been developed in the 17th century.

Wajima-nuri

Ishikawa Prefecture is where Wajima-nuri was developed in the 15th century. It’s most famous for its durable undercoating over zelkova wood. This coating is made from layers of urushi mixed with keisodo (diatomaceous earth, similar to pumice powder). It’s also where Yamanaka-shikki developed—this includes sensu jibiki (heavily ridged woodworking designs), shudame-nuri (lacquer layered over a vermillion base) and koma-nuri, a unique ringed pattern based on Japanese spinning tops.

Johana Urushi

Johana Urushi originates from Toyama Prefecture, which is renowned for its white lacquer and the use of maki-e and mitsuda-e (gold and lead powder, respectively). Personally, I find it to be the most modern and artistic of urushi styles, so if you want something more contemporary, this is your best choice.

You can find these and other styles in most department stores, but if you’re looking to support local artists, Japanese online shopping sites like Creema and Minne are good options to try.

Recognizing Good Quality

© Photo by Hilary Keyes

While you can find lacquerware items at Daiso and other 100 yen shops, there are significant differences in quality that you should consider before purchasing any urushi-based items.

The easiest way to make sure you’re getting something of quality is to buy it directly from a urushi artisan, but that isn’t always an option. Products recognized as authentic Japanese handicrafts will include the associated seals and paperwork in the box or on the item itself.  You can find these at made-in-Japan specialty shops such as Japan Traditional Crafts Aoyama Square or The Cover Nippon.

For quality and durability, opt for wood-based items. Check the label—it should read 天然木 (tennenboku; “natural wood”) or list the specific type of wood used. The most common is keiyaki, also known as Japanese zelkova.

Next, look for details about the type of varnish used. The three most common are: 

• 漆 (urushi; “lacquer”)
• カシュー 油性漆塗 (kashu- yusei urushinu; “cashew oil lacquer”)
• ウレタン樹脂 (uretan jushi; “urethane resin”)

Generally speaking, if it’s not made with actual urushi, then it will be cheaper. Cashew oil and urethane resin will be easier to maintain on a daily basis—many of these items are dishwasher- and microwave-safe—but they won’t age or change as real urushi products will.

The Perks Of Lacquerware

© Photo by iStock: MOHEJI

Many people strive to lead more eco-friendly lives, and lacquerware provides a sustainable option for doing so. Artisans create traditional lacquerware by layering tree sap over wood, with no harsh chemicals used in the process. The result is not only beautiful but practical—lacquerware naturally insulates and helps keep food warm. Because wood heats internally, urushi bowls are especially popular for serving soups and Japanese curries.

Not only is lacquerware beautiful, but it’s also an excellent investment: these items will last longer and become even more beautiful with time.

Many shikki producers say that the owner is the one who brings out the true beauty of lacquerware. Through use, the layers of urushi change—they thin or wear away, exposing new layers or they become shinier from constant contact. This is how Negoro types evolve, as mentioned above, and also how some antique or museum displayed pieces seem glossier than those available brand new in shops.

Lacquerware Care

© Photo by Hilary Keyes

If you’ve opted for genuine, traditional urushi items, caring for them properly will help you maximize the value of your investment.

Avoid letting your shikki dry out or exposing it to direct sunlight for long periods. If you prefer to display your collection rather than use it, keep it out of bright, sunny areas. Most traditional pieces come in wooden boxes with paper wrapping—use these for storage. If not, a cupboard with solid doors or a slightly humid space is enough to keep your lacquerware in good condition.

When using urushi items daily, remember that they are sensitive to heat. Lacquerware can handle warm food and liquids, but not boiling temperatures. Avoid pouring freshly boiled water directly into lacquered teapots or bowls, as this can cause warping or cracking.

For cleaning, keep it simple and gentle. Do not put lacquerware in the dishwasher, microwave, or toaster oven. Also, avoid using sharp utensils or electric mixers. Hand wash with a mild, eco-friendly detergent; never soak. Dry immediately with a soft cloth. Unlike untreated wood, lacquerware does not require oiling—the urushi itself seals and protects the surface.

Properly cared for, urushi can and will last for decades. If you choose an item made from wood and coated in proper urushi, you will have a lacquerware treasure that will last a lifetime.

One of the joys of raising children in Japan is discovering the magical world created by Japanese children’s book authors. Although I could have easily doubled this list, the five authors and illustrators below are must-reads for your little ones.

While most have at least some of their works published in English translation, for their full collections, you’ll need to read in Japanese. Of course, this can double as language practice—but one of the beautiful things about children’s books is that their drawings and emotions speak across cultures and languages.

1. Taro Gomi

Perhaps one of Japan’s most prolific children’s book authors is Taro Gomi. From his first work, “Michi” (Road), in 1973, Gomi established his unique art style, characterized by bold colors and humor. Through his meticulous attention to a kid’s eye view of the world, his books allow adults to rediscover the souls of their childhood selves. Look no further than some of Gomi’s most enduring works, like my daughters’ favorite, Kingyo ga nigeta! or The Goldfish Got Away in its English translation.

While he has published over 400 titles in Japanese, only a handful have been translated into English. One of the most notable is the entertaining toddler and preschooler favorite Minna Unchi (Everyone Poops).

Besides standard children’s books, Gomi is also the author of the popular Rakugaki (doodle) series. These interactive books encourage kids to participate in the creative process by drawing, coloring, doing mazes, and more.

2. Rieko Nakagawa

The author of one of Japan’s most popular and enduring picture books, Nakagawa was born Omura Rieko in 1935. She worked as a nursery school teacher for fifteen years. This experience enabled her to write children’s books that resonated with the hearts of young readers. Many of her books were illustrated by her younger sister, Yuriko Omura (later Yamawaki). Omura did not attend art school but loved to illustrate her older sister’s uplifting stories.

Nakagawa and Omura’s most famous collaboration is the Guri to Gura series. It was first published in the monthly magazine Haha no Tomo in 1963 and later released as a hardcover in 1967. Many sequels and media adaptations followed and the food-loving field mice protagonists became a constant in bookstores across the country. In addition to writing children’s books, Nakagawa also wrote lyrics, with perhaps the most famous being the opening song “Sanpo” (Hey Let’s Go) in Studio Ghibli’s smash hit, My Neighbor Totoro.

3. Mamoru Suzuki

A dropout from the prestigious Tokyo University of the Arts, Suzuki has created many evocative picture books for children of all ages. His heart-warming stories, often co-written with his wife, Takeshita Fumiko, draw on their experiences from child-rearing. A bird lover and researcher, he has also penned children’s books about birds, like Fushigi na tori no su (The Mysteries of Birds’ Nests).

Whether centered on animals or humans, Suzuki’s detailed drawings beautifully capture everyday life and the tender love between parent and child. This is especially evident in his popular book Anata ga daisuki (You Belong to Me).

Colors play a key role in Suzuki’s work. He begins each piece with a color image that shifts as the story unfolds. The book above, for instance, moves from pink to blue as the character grows. When depicting scenes of daily Japan, such as in his series on transportation vehicles, his vibrant illustrations inspire children to notice and delight in their surroundings—from the buzz of a city train station to the calm of a mountain road.

4. Mitsumasa Anno

From his first publication in the late 1960s to his representative work, Tabi no ehon (Anno’s Journey), Mitsumasa Anno’s (1926–2020) richly detailed work has captivated children’s imaginations. After serving in the Japanese military during World War II, Anno obtained his teaching license and taught elementary school in Tokyo for 10 years before becoming an illustrator. Most of his children’s books were illustrated using pen and ink as well as distinctive light-colored watercolors.

His books are known for their exquisite, people-filled landscapes and subtle references to literature, science and mathematics. The Journey series, in particular, portrays European, American and Japanese historical towns. It is widely praised for helping children develop cross-cultural awareness.

Anno’s artistic career extended far beyond picture books, too. His creative legacy even includes a museum dedicated to his work in Kyoto Prefecture.

5. Sachiko Kiyono

Sachiko Kiyono (1947–2008) is the author of the wildly popular series, Nontan. Nontan, an extremely mischievous white cat, plays and jokes with his animal friends in the engaging short books aimed at babies, toddlers and preschoolers. Kiyono’s drawings, which render the main character in wavy lines drawn by a thick marker, are very distinctive and speak to children. Indeed, many kids themselves must be eager to copy her style, following a drawing guide in the books, as my eldest daughter did. Pre-publication, Nontan was originally drawn as a fox, but after receiving editor feedback, he was changed to a cat to be more child-friendly.

Before publication, Nontan was initially drawn as a fox. After receiving editor feedback, he was changed to a cat to be more child-friendly. Since 1976, when the first Nontan volume was published, Kiyono has received some backlash for her beloved character. Critics have called Nontan selfish and ill-mannered. However, Kiyono always defended her artistic choices. She explained that she wanted to create books that children would truly enjoy and that were distinct from the moralistic tone of much of children’s literature.

So, if you’re looking for a Christmas or birthday gift—or adding to your bedtime collection—check out the works by the Japanese children’s book authors above for something truly special.

November in Japan brings a unique holiday that can only be celebrated a few times in a child’s life. Shichi-Go-San (七五三), literally meaning “seven-five-three,” is an ancient holiday dedicated to celebrating children who have reached the ages of three, five and seven.

There’s nothing more exciting than these kinds of child-related celebrations for families in Japan. For me, sharing these moments with my son makes them far more memorable. When the celebration puts him at the very center, I find myself wanting to go all out with decorations, delicious food and countless photos.

The History Behind The Shichi-Go-San Ages

© Photo by iStock: RichVintage

While preparing for my son’s Shichi-Go-San event, I spent a considerable amount of time researching the meaning and history behind it. Unsurprisingly, and like many historical events, this holiday was once only celebrated by the emperor and upper-class nobles, including samurai. Over time, as the holiday evolved and its name and other cultural aspects changed, it became the Shichi-Go-San we know today.

In the past, there was no single holiday. There were three separate events, each one marking a particular milestone, and celebrated by both genders. They were called Kamioki, Hakamagi and Obitoki.

Nearly a thousand years ago, parents shaved their children’s heads, believing it was more sanitary and would prevent the children from getting sick. After turning three years old, they would hold Kamioki, a hair growth ritual. From that day onwards, the child would grow out their hair and begin their fresh start into childhood.

Children who had reached the age of five would participate in the Hakamagi ceremony. They would don their first hakama as the second milestone in childhood. This ceremony was initially open to both genders, but during the Edo period, it became a ceremony for boys only.

Similarly, Obitoki was originally a ceremony held for both boys and girls. When children reached the age of seven, they would begin using an obi to fasten their kimono in place, symbolizing their last few steps towards adulthood. This tradition also underwent a change a few hundred years ago, evolving into a ceremony for girls.

In the past, children were susceptible to various diseases, and it’s no wonder these milestones were considered significant reasons to celebrate. Even in the modern era, where children have a higher chance of survival, I’m always delighted to find an excuse to dress up and spend memorable moments with my family.

1,000-Year Candy & Other Treats

© Photo by iStock: yasuhiroamano

Besides getting to celebrate with my son, eating delicious food is by far one of the best things about holidays. With Shichi-Go-San comes a lot of fun sweets, but the most famous is by far chitose-ame (one-thousand-year-old candy) made from rice and barley.

Don’t worry, the candy itself isn’t actually a thousand years old. Instead, the long length of the candy is meant to symbolize a long and healthy life for the child. Much like the custom of consuming soba noodles on New Year’s, this belief also centers on the wish for a long and healthy life.

The candy often comes in a bag with other symbols of a long life, such as cranes and turtles. It has become so popular that your local supermarket might sell it. I actually passed by this candy many times without ever realizing its importance, as it doesn’t look all too spectacular.

© Photo by iStock: StudioYummy

Besides chitose-ame, you can find desserts from cake shops to traditional wagashi being sold with various symbols on them. There are entire catalogs devoted to Shichi-Go-San gifts. These gifts can be given to grandparents or close family and friends as a way to express gratitude for their support. You might also be on the receiving end of gifts, congratulating you for raising a healthy child.

Some families make reservations at expensive restaurants, while others prefer a more tight-knit gathering at home. If you’re bringing your three-year-old, you might feel some stress eating out. My husband’s family often hosts gatherings in their home, preferring to cook up healthy dishes and share their favorite recipes with close friends. I recommend choosing what feels most comfortable for your family.

Prayers & Blessings

© Photo by iStock: terra-d

Usually celebrated on or around November 15, families often visit shrines to express gratitude and receive blessings for the coming year. However, as shrines and daily life can get busy, some families visit the shrine in mid-October or towards the end of November.

Every shrine has its own unique approach to Shichi-Go-San, so please check with your local shrine before visiting.

Recommended Shrines in Tokyo

Hie Shrine

One of the most popular and well-known shrines offering prayers from October is Hie Shrine in Chiyoda City, Tokyo. It’s centrally located and makes for a beautiful place to take professional pictures. Their website even offers plans and rentals for those who wish to use their services.

• Address: 2-10-5 Nagatachō, Chiyoda City, Tokyo (Google Map Link)
• Closest Stations: Kokkai-gijidomae Station (Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line and Chiyoda Line), Tameike-sanno Station (Tokyo Metro Ginza Line and Namboku Line)
• Prayer Fee: ¥10,000 
• Reception Hours: 9 a.m.-4 p.m. *No reservations required

Kanda Myojin

Also in central Tokyo, and easily accessible, is Kanda Myojin. Famous for the origin of chitose-ame, Kanda Myojin is another popular destination for families looking to celebrate their little ones. If you want to grab chitose-ame from the original shop that began selling it, stop by Amano-ya right outside the shrine’s main gate. They also sell many other delicious desserts, as well as their famous amazake.

• Address: 2-16-2 Sotokanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (Google Map Link)
• Closest Stations: Suehirocho Station (Ginza Line); Shin-Ochanomizu Station (Chiyoda Line); Ochanomizu Station (Marunouchi Line and Chuo-Sobu Line)
• Prayer Fee: ¥10,000 
• Reception Hours: 9 a.m. to 3:45 p.m. *No reservations required

Local Shrines

For a more pleasant experience for everyone, I suggest smaller local shrines, especially when dealing with little ones who can become easily exhausted. Since this day is meant to be a happy and positive one for parents and children alike, plan ahead by visiting early.

As for myself and my family, I adore my husband’s neighborhood shrine. As someone who isn’t big on waiting in long lines, I prefer this local one by far! My son is still young and also doesn’t have much patience for waiting. It isn’t as massive as many of the famous shrines scattered around Tokyo, but it feels more meaningful to us.

Capturing Memorable Moments

© Photo by iStock: studiobamboo

There are numerous, perhaps thousands, of photo studios throughout Tokyo advertising for Shichi-Go-San. October and November are the peak seasons, which can extend into September and December as parents try to save money or compete for a reservation spot.

Recommended 7-5-3 Photo Studios in Tokyo/Japan

Studio250 (Shinjuku)

• Prices starting at ¥18,700
• The background is simple but, for a fee, can be changed

Seijo Kosodeya (Setagaya)

• Various price plans for the different age groups
• Costume and dressing are included in the fee

Studio Alice (Various Locations)

• An all-inclusive weekday studio photoshoot starting from ¥7,530
• They will be offering Shichi-Go-San shoots until the end of the year

Studio Origami (Various Locations)

• Weekday plan: From ¥15,900; Weekend/holiday plan: From ¥22,900
• One costume is free with the photo shoot

LifeStudio (Various Locations)

• Prices starting at ¥33,000
• Outfits for children can be rented out for free (You can also bring in your own costumes to wear during the photo shoot)

Freelance Photographers on Fotowa (Various Locations)

• Choose the pricing plan that fits you
• Work directly with local photographers
• Some photographers speak English and are LGBTQ supportive

Clothing Options

© Photo by iStock: joka2000

The kimono and haori are still very popular choices for Shichi-Go-San. However, these days, many families opt for Western-style formal suits and dresses on the special day. If you’re struggling to make a choice, it’s perfectly acceptable to choose both outfits and change in between photos and events. I was lucky that my parents sent us a set of suits as a Christmas gift that still fit my son the following year.

If you’re interested in renting, Madoi is one of the rental places in Tokyo where you can pay for the garments and even return them to the store by mail. It can cost around ¥16,000, which to me is still quite pricey. They charge separate fees for dressing and makeup. I’m lucky since my son doesn’t need anything additional, but for parents who want their daughter’s hair done, the cost begins to add up.

Online stores like Rakuten or Amazon are an option for parents who want to keep the clothes as memorabilia. Spending over ¥10,000 on an outfit that can only be worn once isn’t always ideal, especially given the current state of the economy. If you’re crafty and good with a needle, you might even be able to alter the fabric to something your child can wear every day.

Shichi-Go-San Tips & Tricks

© Photo by Aspen Kumagai

Shichi-Go-San is an event that only happens once or twice in a person’s life. Besides Seiji-no-Hi, a coming-of-age event, you may not get another opportunity to celebrate these meaningful milestones.

With that in mind, there are a few ways to save money:

• Make your photo shoot reservations early between January and August, the off-season
• Weekends and holidays often cost more than normal weekdays
• Getting photographs done in the studio can be cheaper than a location photo shoot
• Outfits can be found online, so it might save you more to buy rather than rent
• Buy the basic digital data now and make prints later when you want them
• Some smaller local shrines offer prayers for a cheaper price
• Choose a photographer or studio that allows cancellations
• Formal clothes and little ones don’t mix well, so prepare treats, stickers, whatever your kiddo will love

Do what’s best for you, your family and your budget. In the end, the important point is taking time to recognize happy milestones your child is going through and celebrating them with a smile.

Has your child dressed up for Shichi-Go-San before? Share your family’s experience with us!

On October 21, 2025, Japan made history. Sanae Takaichi was sworn in as the country’s first female prime minister after winning leadership of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). Her rise breaks a barrier that has stood for more than a century in Japanese politics, yet she steps into the role at a turbulent moment. Takaichi now leads a fragile minority government facing inflation, labor shortages and growing public frustration with inequality, childcare access and immigration.

Personal Background

© Photo by Wiki Commons: 依田奏

Sanae Takaichi was born in 1961 in Nara Prefecture. Her father worked in the automotive industry and her mother was part of the Nara Prefectural Police. In 2004, she married fellow politician Taku Yamamoto. The couple divorced in 2017 but remarried in 2021, with Yamamoto taking her surname—an uncommon choice in Japan.

While Takaichi has no biological children, she adopted her husband’s three children from his previous marriage and is now a stepmother and grandmother. She is rarely seen speaking publicly about her family and seems to keep her private life separate from her career.

Political Background & Ideology

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Takaichi first entered parliament back in 1993 and has since become one of the most seasoned figures in the ruling LDP. Over the years, she’s held some of the party’s biggest portfolios, serving as Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications under the conservative late prime minister Shinzo Abe and later as Minister for Economic Security under Fumio Kishida. 

She’s long been seen as part of the LDP’s right wing and one of Abe’s closest political allies. Her worldview mirrors his: 

• Loyalty to tradition
• Pride in national identity 
• A belief that Japan’s strength abroad depends on restoring confidence at home

Her Main Policy Priorities

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Takaichi’s game plan mixes a focus on jump-starting the economy and strengthening Japan’s security with some pretty traditional social values.

Economics

Economically, she has promised to lift Japan out of its long slump through what she calls “crisis-management investment,” a plan for large-scale government spending on key sectors such as semiconductors, AI and green energy. She has also proposed wage incentives and temporary tax breaks for households and small businesses.

Social Issues

When it comes to social issues, Takaichi keeps things pretty traditional. She often talks about Japan’s future in terms of “strong families,” where stable jobs, marriage and children form the backbone of society. She’s supportive of parents and childcare access, but mostly within the same old frameworks rather than through big new reforms. Critics say that approach feels like trying to preserve the past instead of reflecting how modern families actually live and work.

Security

On security, Takaichi has made it clear she wants Japan to stand taller in a tense region. She supports revising Article 9 of the Constitution to officially recognize the Self-Defense Forces, increasing defense spending and deepening ties with the United States.

What Her Leadership Symbolizes VS Her Actual Track Record

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Takaichi’s election is historic. Her rise to the highest seat of power challenges long-standing gender barriers in politics. In a country where women hold fewer than 20 percent of seats in the Diet, her leadership sends a clear signal that the glass ceiling can, at least, crack.

The symbolism, though, only goes so far. Takaichi has built her career on conservative values that often clash with modern ideas of gender equality. She has opposed allowing married couples to keep separate surnames, a reform many women see as a basic right. She has rejected same-sex marriage and defended the male-only Imperial succession system as vital to preserving Japan’s traditions.

During her leadership campaign, she pledged to raise the number of women in cabinet to “Nordic levels,” but was quick to add that she would not appoint women just to fill quotas. Her critics say this careful approach shows she’s still hesitant to take on the deeper problems that keep Japanese women from moving up in politics and at work.

What Her Leadership Could Mean for Working Women, Parents & Foreigners 

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For working women and parents, Takaichi’s plans so far suggest small, practical steps rather than sweeping reform. She has talked about tax deductions for childcare costs and incentives for companies that build in-house daycare facilities. These ideas could make daily life a little easier for parents, but they do not tackle the bigger issues like long daycare waitlists, the lack of after-school care or the uneven access to childcare outside major cities.

Workplace Reforms

When it comes to workplace reform, Takaichi supports “family-friendly” ideas such as flexible hours and remote work but prefers encouragement over enforcement. That approach might move the needle in large corporations, yet it may do little for part-time and contract workers, who make up a large share of Japan’s female workforce.

Education

Education is another area to watch. She has shown interest in expanding financial aid and digital learning tools but also speaks about “moral education” and patriotic values. Parents could see classrooms place more focus on discipline, responsibility and national pride, reflecting her conservative outlook on how children should be raised.

For Foreign Residents & Immigration

For people living in Japan from overseas, Takaichi’s leadership could feel more guarded. She views immigration mainly as a way to fill labor gaps, not to make Japan more multicultural. Skilled workers in tech or healthcare might see smoother visa routes, but broader reforms are unlikely. She has backed tighter rules on foreign land ownership near military sites and often speaks about protecting Japan’s “social order.” Aligned with Japan-First ideas similar to those of Sanseito, her government seems ready to welcome foreign talent, just strictly on Japan’s terms.

Sanae Takaichi Supporters vs. Critics

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Supporters see Takaichi as calm, capable and steady—the kind of leader Japan needs after years of political drama and economic drift. They admire her discipline and patriotism and believe she can bring back confidence at home and abroad.

Critics see her differently. They worry she will double down on nationalism and tight control while avoiding reforms on gender, diversity and inclusion. With her minority government already on shaky ground, they question whether she can deliver meaningful change. 

Her leadership is being watched closely: if she succeeds, she could redefine what leadership looks like for women in Japan; if she fails, it risks reinforcing old doubts about whether the system will ever let real change happen.

What do you think about Sanae Takaichi and how she plans to impact Japan’s future?

One of the most often animated Japanese dishes, curry rice, is gaining popularity around the globe. And with good reason: it’s so popular in Japan that the average Japanese household has curry at least once a week.

What Is Japanese Curry Rice?

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Considered by many to be the national dish of Japan, curry rice (カレーライス, kare raisu) bears very little resemblance to Indian curry. Japanese curry is typically a mild curry sauce with onions, carrots and potatoes, as well as a meat (pork, beef or chicken), served with white rice on the side and curry pickles (カレー漬物, kare tsukemono). Easily cooked in large batches and very nutritious, Japanese curry is considered to be a hearty comfort food.

Japanese Curry History

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Curry first came to Japan via the British during the Meiji Era as a spice mix. It was adopted into the Japanese language and diet from 1860 to 1870. At that time, it was luxurious food that could only be found in the most expensive restaurants. So, only the wealthiest could afford this imported delicacy. Later, it gained traction as a means of warding off thiamine (vitamin B1 deficiency) by the Imperial Japanese Navy. It is still a staple meal for the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force today.

In fact, one of the most common types of curry is known as 海軍カレー (kaigan kare; “navy curry”). It contains beef or chicken, potatoes, onions, carrots, rice and pickled vegetable chutney (later with a salad on the side). After its popularity with the military, curry then became a school lunch staple and was more widely available throughout the 1920s thanks to domestic production of the spices. By the 1960s, curry roux and kits became commercially available in supermarkets as well.

What Are The Different Ways To Try Japanese Curry?

There are a number of ways to enjoy Japanese curry.

Curry Bread/Buns

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Curry bread (カレーパン, kare pan) is a portion of Japanese curry that has been wrapped in dough, dipped in breadcrumbs and then fried. You can find curry bread in any convenience store or bakery. Some come with a soft-boiled egg inside, others can be entirely vegetarian, and some come with whole wheat or even bran dough instead of white flour.

Although somewhat less common, you can also find 焼きカレーパン (yaki kare pan; “baked curry buns”). They are somewhat healthier than their fried counterparts.

Curry Noodles

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Curry udon/soba noodles, and less commonly ramen, are more often made in restaurants/delis than at home, but are just as popular as their rice counterparts. The roux is added to the traditional dashi (stock) and soy sauce soup base of the noodles, and it may or may not include some vegetables and meat.

Curry Rice

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Curry with rice, however, is the most typical way of serving Japanese curry. While it’s fine on its own, there are a few standard ways to arrange the dish that have become popular in Japan and abroad as well.

Japanese Curry Rice Varieties

Yes, that’s right. Japanese curry rice comes in a variety of different forms, too. Look out for these options the next time you’re out in Japan:

Dry Curry

Dry curry comes in two forms: either curry-flavored fried rice or white rice with a drier, minced meat and vegetable curry sauce on top. It may or may not also be served with a soft-boiled egg.

Soup Curry

Soup curry features a bowl of a more watery curry sauce with coarsely chopped vegetables and whole chicken legs or wings. Originally from Hokkaido, it’s served with rice on the side.

Katsu Curry

Japanese curry served with a breaded pork, beef or chicken cutlet on top. This curry seems to be especially popular among foreign visitors to Japan. It can be found at a number of popular chain stores such as:

• Coco Ichibanya (ココイチ): A leading katsu curry chain known for its customizable spice levels and variety of toppings.
• Gogo Curry (ゴーゴーカレー): Famous for its rich, Kanazawa-style curry with a dark, flavorful sauce.
• Katsuya (かつや): Popular for serving both tonkatsu and katsu curry in a fast-casual format, offering a variety of options.

Croquette Curry

Japanese curry served with a croquette on top. The croquettes can be made of seafood, meat, potato or vegetable varieties.

Maze Kare

Maze kare (混ぜカレー), or mixed curry, originated in Osaka and is served with the curry already mixed into the rice.

Curry Don

Curry don  (カレー丼) is a thick curry sauce with added Japanese sauce (such as tsuyu or dashi) served on top of a bowl of rice. It may or may not include vegetables, meat or pickles.

Yaki Kare (Curry Gratin)

Yaki kare (焼きカレー) is essentially curry on rice topped with a raw egg, then baked in an oven until the egg is somewhat or fully cooked and the curry has a slight crust.

Retort Curry

Regional curries available in retort pouches of varying sizes are also extremely popular. These curries can feature regional meats and fruits or vegetables, such as shika (deer) curry from Hokkaido or apple curry from Nagano. These curries need only be reheated either by boiling in water or, if indicated on the label, by microwave and served alongside rice, or on udon or soba if you like.

Where Can I Get Japanese Curry?

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Japanese curry is mainly made at home and adjusted to suit an individual family’s tastes. There are dozens of curry roux sets and instant/retort-style curries to choose from. In fact, in some grocery stores, entire aisles are dedicated to it, and some specialty shops sell nothing but curry!

If you’d like to prepare your own curry at home and are an adept chef, then simply purchasing the ingredients and a curry spice or curry powder will suffice. One of the most famous brands of curry spice is S&B 赤缶カレー粉 (S&B akakan kareko; “S&B Spicy Curry Powder“).

If you’re less of a dab hand in the kitchen but can follow a recipe fairly well, then a curry roux is probably more your speed. Pick up a box of this roux, the ingredients indicated on the back of the box, and follow the pictorial directions and tada, you have made Japanese curry.

These roux come in varying spiciness levels, so make sure you look on the box for the little red peppers or rank from one to five (one being mild, five being spicy) before you make your purchase. The most popular brands of curry roux are:

• House Vermont Curry (ハウス バーモントカレー)
• House Java Curry (ハウス ジャワカレー)
• Glico Zeppin Curry (江崎グリコ カレーZeppin)
• S&B Golden Curry (エスビー食品 ゴールデンカレー)

If you’re in the mood for Japanese curry but aren’t interested in having leftovers for days, then getting take-out, dining at a casual establishment or getting a single-serving retort and rice for yourself are the perfect ways to savor this ubiquitous dish.

Do you love Japanese curry as much as everyone else does? In the comments, tell us your favorite type.

Whether you’ve tried sushi or sashimi at a famous kaiten-sushi restaurant or at a luxurious establishment where it’s made right before your eyes, dining on these raw fish dishes is definitely an experience you won’t soon forget.

What’s The Difference Between Sushi & Sashimi?

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Simply put, sushi (寿司, すし) are slices of fresh fish or seafood (known as gu 具) on white rice flavored with sushi vinegar. Sushi vinegar is a mild rice vinegar made from fermented rice, which may be further seasoned with sugar and salt. Sashimi (刺身, さしみ), on the other hand, are slices of fresh fish or seafood typically placed on finely cut daikon radish, seaweed or shiso (perilla) leaves.

Though they seem similar, sushi and sashimi are technically prepared differently. However, both are eaten with soy sauce, wasabi and/or ginger.

Sushi & Sashimi History

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What we consider standard sushi today was first invented in the Edo era (1603–1868), and was a form of fast food for the time. After WWII and right up until the 1980s, sushi was a luxury food that few could afford. During Japan’s bubble economy, take-out sushi, deli sushi and conveyor belt sushi restaurants came into fashion and brought sushi to the masses. Nowadays, you can even find sushi at convenience stores. Modern sushi options can also include meats, vegetables and even fruits. In some chain restaurants, you’ll even find mini sushi-ized takes on other foods such as pizza, tacos or hamburgers.

The Original Sushi

But before modern sushi took shape, Japan had narezushi—an early form of fermented fish preserved with rice and salt. This method dates back as far as the eighth century, with mentions in texts like the Yōrō Code of 718 AD. Originally developed as a way to preserve fish before refrigeration, narezushi was tangy and pungent and eaten without rice. One of the best-known surviving examples is funazushi from Shiga Prefecture, made with fermented crucian carp and still produced today as a traditional delicacy.

Raw Fish, No Rice

Sashimi—the art of eating raw fish in its purest form—emerged a little later, likely becoming popular during the Muromachi period (1336–1573), when improved preservation techniques and knife craftsmanship allowed for safer and more refined raw fish preparation.

The Different Types of Sushi in Japan

Nigirizushi

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Nigirizushi (握り寿司) is the original and, some would argue, the most common type of sushi. A small portion of sushi rice is shaped into an oval and has a topping placed over it. The sushi is either ready to eat, or in some places, the topping may be lightly grilled with a torch, covered in a special sauce or spices, or stacked high with other toppings too.

Makizushi

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Maki means ‘to roll’ and makizushi (巻き寿司) is sushi in which the rice is laid on a sheet of seaweed, the toppings are placed on the rice, and then the entire thing is rolled together and cut into pieces.

These come in three main varieties:

• Hosomaki (細巻き): Thin, smaller rolls typically filled with only one or two ingredients. Common ones include cucumber (called kappa-maki), kanpyo (dried gourd), natto, minced tuna or salmon.
• Futomaki (太巻き): Thicker rolls filled with a variety of toppings, cut into smaller slices.
• Uramaki (裏巻き): These have the rice on the outside, followed by a layer of seaweed and then the toppings. The most famous and best-known international example of this is the California roll.

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During Setsubun, you can also find ehomaki (恵方巻き)—uncut futomaki filled with a variety of auspicious ingredients. To bring good luck, people follow specific rules while eating it: for example, they eat it in silence, finish the roll in one go and face a designated direction.

Gunkanmaki

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Gunkanmaki (軍艦巻き) are made by vertically wrapping a smaller nigiri zushi style rice oval in seaweed and using the space above the rice and ‘walls’ of seaweed to contain the toppings. The name gunkan comes from this sushi’s resemblance to warships.

Gunkanmaki is the standard option for toppings that might spill or fall off if placed directly on the rice. Therefore, varieties like ikura (fish roe), kani miso (tomalley), tuna salad, potato salad, corn mayo and others are found only in gunkanmaki.

Inarizushi

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Arguably one of the most beloved types of sushi, inari zushi (いなり寿司) refers to vinegared rice stuffed inside 油揚げ (abura-age, “fried tofu slices”) cooked in sweet sauce. These may also contain sesame seeds, chopped preserved plums, sweet or grilled shrimp, diced seasonal herbs and vegetables or be flavored with yuzu juice or peels, or kuromitsu (unrefined muscovado sugar).

Part of their popularity with people of all ages stems from their typical inclusion along with soba noodles, especially in sets sold in delis, supermarkets and convenience stores.

Temakizushi

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Somewhat similar to makizushi, temakizushi (手巻き寿司) is often called ‘hand rolls’ in English. These are rolled cones of seaweed with sushi rice and toppings inside them. Temakizushi is often made for parties or half-made with all the ingredients laid out so that it can be made during the party. It is an especially popular activity for kids to do.

Temarizushi

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Similar to nigirizushi, temarizushi (手まり寿司) are essentially sushi balls. A small portion of sushi rice is placed on plastic wrap, then fish is laid over it. The plastic wrap is then lifted and tightened around the sushi by hand until it has formed a circle.

Temarizushi are also a party favorite for Hinamatsuri (Girl’s Day), and in recent years, many have been making them for Halloween, too. With a little creativity, a salmon temarizushi can be made to look like a jack o’lantern.

Oshizushi

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Oshizushi (押し寿司), or pressed sushi, is precisely as its name sounds. Using a special wooden or plastic box known as an oshizushi hako (押し寿司箱), layers of sushi rice and toppings are pressed together tightly and then cut into square portions to eat. This type of sushi was first developed in the Kansai region and is sometimes referred to as the competitor of Edo sushi.

Common toppings are mackerel, red snapper and salmon, but there are regional variations found all across Japan. For example, there’s omurasushi from Nagasaki that has scrambled eggs, while masusushi (trout) is a popular dish from Toyama.

Chirashizushi & Barazushi

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Possibly the least sushi-like when compared to the others on this list, chirashi zushi (ちらし寿司) or bara zushi (ばら寿司) are better known in English as “scattered sushi” or sometimes even “sushi salad”. Both terms refer to dishes in which sushi rice (or even plain rice) is placed in the base of a wooden sushi bowl or box, and topped with various ingredients such as roe, cubed or shredded Japanese omelet, salmon, tuna, shrimp, lotus root, snap peas or shiitake mushrooms. Chirashizushi is another party favorite during Hinamatsuri.

Is It Sushi or Zushi?

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You may hear both sushi and zushi being used, especially in restaurant names, but they aren’t different words. In Japanese, some consonants are hardened when used as the first letter of a compound word. So while it’s sushi in general, it’s nigiri-zushi.

What’s The Correct Way To Eat Sushi & Sashimi?

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In traditional Japanese sushi etiquette, it is common to eat most sushi varieties with your hands. However, the best way to eat sushi is up to personal preference—enjoy it the way you like best. On the other hand, messier sushi options like chirashizushi and sashimi are typically eaten with chopsticks. What about a fork and knife, then? Well, that may be up for debate.

Do you prefer sushi or sashimi? Let us know about your favorite kind in the comments.